accessibility(aesthetic integrity, as design principle alert boxesproviding feedback inaudience. See also users consistencyas design principledesign principlesdesktop metaphor dialog boxesproviding feedback indirect manipulation disabilities. See alsouniversal access(feedback and dialog, as design principle forgiveness, as design principlegraphic languageKhuman interface design principles. See principles of human interface design input devices and accessibilityknowledge of your audience localization metaphorsconsistency ofuse of as design principle!modelessness, as design principle(perceived stability, as design principle$principles of human interface design
accessibilityaesthetic integrity consistencydirect manipulationfeedback and dialog forgivenessknowledge of your audience modelessnessperceived stability
see-and-pointuse of metaphors user controlWYSIWYGprogressive disclosurereversible actions"see-and-point, as design principlestepped interfacestarget audience. See also users)task analysis, for defining your audienceuniversal access!user control, as design principleusers. See also audiencemeeting expectations of$worldwide software and accessibility WYSIWYG, as design principleaccess privileges%alignment of elements in dialog boxesascent line for fonts(augmentative and assistive communication"calendars, variations in worldwidecollaborative computingcolor-deficient vision communications with other users context clues for communicationcontrol panelsSoundcontrols alignment ofcultural valuesdata encryptiondates%deaf people. See hearing disabilitiesdiacritical marksalignment of elements inhearingphysicalseizure disorderspeech and languageediting passwordsshared informationflashing the menu barflicker frequenciesfontsworldwide compatibility andglyphsgrammar and localizationgraphicsand cultural values handicaps. See universal accesshardwareindicator lights on
latches onhearing disabilitiesiconskeyboard&input methods, for double-byte scriptskeyboard iconskeyboard layouts
Keyboard menulanguage disabilitieslights on hardwaretext operations andtranslating text and using resources to facilitate"Macintosh script management systemmenu barflashing as notificationmenusKeyboardnetworksnon-Roman script systems passwords physically impaired individuals#privacy and collaborative computing"privileges for access, symbols forprotecting dataread-only accessremote resourcesRoman script systemscript management systemScript Managerscript systemsand worldwide compatibilitykeyboard handling ofRoman and non-Romansecurity of informationseizure disorders shared computing environmentshared resourcessharing informationSound control panelSpeaker Volume control8speech synthesizers, for people with a speech disability system beeptext!handling of, and worldwide issuesputting in resourcessizes of translatingtranslating texttransparency of networks&identifying in collaborative computingwith a disabilityvisual disabilities+visual feedback and collaborative computingword order and localizationworldwide compatibility80 percent solution complexity of interface designpreferences andellipsis characteras subpalette indicatorfeature cascade human interface design processand 80 percent solutionand feature cascade)and features inspired by market pressures
indicatorsfor subpalettesinformal user observations#look and feel of interface elements&market pressures, features inspired bypalettesand subpalettespreferences, implementingproduct development processsubpalettes, indicators forthink-aloud protocolsusability testing'user observations, steps for conducting accumulating attribute groups and ellipsis character in menus alternating icons in menu barambiguous command namesApplication menualternating icon in&background notification techniques andapplication menu titlesattribute groups in menusaudible notificationscharacters in menus
checkboxesversus pop-up menuscheckmarks in menuschoosing menu itemscommands, menuFind (File menu)Get Info (File menu)dashes in menus and ellipsis character in menusand pop-up menus diamond mark in Application menudimmed items in menusdividers in menus%dots in menus. See ellipsis characterin menusfeedbackand asynchronous operationsin menus File menuFind command inGet Info command inFind command (File menu)in pop-up menus Get Info command (File menu)grouping items in menushierarchical menus#hierarchical pop-up menus, avoiding. See also icon familiesin Application menuin hierarchical menusin pop-up menuslabels. See also names menu barsand modal dialog boxessize ofuse of space inwidth of
menu elements
menu items capitalizingchoosing hierarchicalnames oftoggled unavailableattribute groups in behavior of
checkmarks in dashes in dividers inellipsis character infeedback about actions ingrouping items in hierarchicalhighlighting titles ofnonstandard elements inpop-up scrollingstandard characters instandard pop-upStyletear-offtext styles in titles oftype-in pop-upmodal dialog boxesmenu bar access#mutually exclusive attribute groupsnames. See also labels
of menu items nonexclusive attribute groupsnonstandard marks in menusnotification techniquesand tracking feedbackin window framestoolpointers and tools pop-up menusand keyboard equivalents behavior offonts instandardtype-inversus checkboxesversus radio buttonswidth of
radio buttonsversus pop-up menusscrolling menussize of menu barsof pop-up menussound, as notification standard characters in menus
Style menutext styles insubmenussymbolsin menustear-off menus text stylestitles. See also labelsof menustoggled menu items trianglesin hierarchical menustype-in pop-up menus user choices in pop-up menuswidth of menu barwindowsposition of palettes in
standard file documentsopeningduplicating data Edit menuadding commands toClear command in
Clipboard andCopy command inCreate Publisher command inCut command inEdition Manager commands inPaste command in'Publisher/Subscriber Options command inSelect All command in(Show Clipboard/Hide Clipboard command inSubscribe To command inUndo/Redo command inEdition Manager commandsClose command inNew command inOpen command inQuit command inRevert command inSave As command inSave command in Font menufont size dialog boxGet Editions radio button Help menu%Hide Clipboard/Show Clipboard commandin Keyboard menu inserting copied informationkeyboard equivalentskeyboard resources keyboards!menu commands. See commands, menuApple ApplicationEditFileFontHelpSizestandard MacintoshNew command (File menu)Open command (File menu)opening documentsPaste command (Edit menu)0Publisher/Subscriber Options command (Edit menu)Quit command (File menu) Redo/Undo command (Edit menu) reserved keyboard equivalentsRevert command (File menu) Save a Copy command, avoidingSave As command (File menu)save changes alert boxSave command (File menu)enabled icons for Select All command (Edit menu)%Show Clipboard/Hide Clipboard command in Edit menu Size menustandard file dialog boxesstandard Macintosh menus standard save changes alert boxguidelines for Subscribe To command (Edit menu)0Subscriber/Publisher Options command (Edit menu)&synchronization of keyboards and fontsTrueType fonts. See also fonts Undo/Redo command (Edit menu)untitled documentsactivating windowsactive windowsand dialog box positionsusing color to distinguish default display positions ofautomatic scrolling close boxesclosingwindowscolorchoices of for windows
Reduce to Fit%conceptual space on multiple monitorsin document windowsin scroll region default display positions in position in window display ordernames of and window titlesF (function) keys and windowsfloating windows on desktop
function keysgray area of scroll barinactive scroll barsinactive windows, movingmaximum window sizeminimum window sizemonitorsand window sizemultiplealert box positions inand work space and zoomingdialog box positions inwindow positions inalert box positions inand work space and zoomingdialog box positions inwindow positions inand work space and zoomingdialog box positions inwindow positions inpanes of windows punctuation in window titlesracing stripes in title barReduce to Fit commandscreens. See monitors
scroll arrows scroll bars!and other controls in same regionin split windowsinactive scroll boxesscrolling windows
automatically by positionby unit by windowfulpanes of selecting
and scrolling
selections extending
size boxes
split bars split linessplitting windowsstandard state of a windowstatus bar in window frameselections, extending
title bars
of windowsuntitled windowsuser state of a windowutility windowsdisplay order of on desktop views of documents. See windows
window frames window panes. See also window panes
activating and feedback
appearance of behavior ofchanging the size ofclosingcolor in controls indisplay order of on desktoplocation of when openingmovingopeningparts of positions of scrollingsize, changingsizes of, recommendedsplitting into panesstandard and user states titles oftypes ofutilityzoom box effect
zoom boxesactive area in dialog boxes
appearance of#as special case of modal dialog boxcautionclosingcolor in compared with other dialog boxesdefined layout oflocation of buttons innotestoptypes ofwarning of data loss inworldwide issues and+applications, naming in dialog box messages4background operations and movable modal dialog boxesbordersfor active scrolling listsin caution alert boxesin modal dialog boxesin modeless dialog boxes in movable modal dialog boxesin note alert boxesin stop alert boxesplacement of in alert boxescaution alert boxes alert boxesmodal dialog boxesmodeless dialog boxesmovable modal dialog boxesin alert boxesin modeless dialog boxes in movable modal dialog boxesdata loss and alert boxes
as windowskeyboard input in messages inmodal
movable modaltype selection inDialog Manager%document names in dialog box messagesand modal dialog boxes and movable modal dialog boxesand modeless dialog boxes'error checking in modeless dialog boxes$and changes in modeless dialog boxes flexibilityand modeless dialog boxes and movable modal dialog boxes.and using modal dialog box for temporal status keyboard input in dialog boxesmenu bar accessDialog Manager andfrom modal dialog boxes from movable modal dialog boxesmessagesin dialog boxes
appearance of behaviors of
buttons inclosing compared with other dialog boxesEdit menu access to
immobility ofmenu bar access tostacking when to usemodeless dialog boxes
appearance of behaviors ofchanging attributes withclosingcolor in compared to other dialog boxescomparing information incompleting actions indynamic nature oferror checking infeedback and changes to intermediate security states ofpresetting values in titles of when to usemovable modal dialog boxesand background operations
appearance of behaviors ofclosingcolor inflexibility andmenu bar access to when to useof modeless dialog boxesnote alert boxes Page Setup command (File menu)scrolling lists)security states and modeless dialog boxesstacking modal dialog boxesstop alert boxes&temporal status and modal dialog boxesin dialog boxesof modeless dialog boxes!type selection in scrolling lists/user input, restricting with modal dialog boxeswindow definition functionsand dialog boxes"workflow and modeless dialog boxes Apply button button namesApply. See also radio buttons behavior ofcapitalization of names ofdefaultdefinedDialog Manager and feedback andsize ofstandard height of
Cancel button
choices indefined
labels forbuttons
checkboxesdefined
little arrows¬ supported by the Macintosh Toolboxoutline triangle
radio buttonsscrolling listsslidersstandard toolboxtext-entry fieldsand outline triangles Done buttonfields, text entryfor checkboxesfor little arrows
little arrows,Macintosh Toolbox, controls not supported byModalDialog procedure
of buttons OK buttonoutline triangle. See also buttonsdefinedversus slidersslidersstandard toolbox controls Stop buttontext entry fieldsand Save As dialog boxes&providing text-editing capabilities in 16-by-16 pixel (small) icons 32-by-32 pixel (large) icons4-bit color icons 45-degree angles in icon design8-bit color iconsanti-aliasing in iconsApple icon color setapplication icons black-and-white icons, designing for iconsChooser extension icons degradation of across monitorsin icon design(pattern substitutions for keyboard icons color iconslabeling mechanism forselection mechanism forin use of icon elementswithin icon families context as a clarifying toolproviding icons for custom iconsfor applicationsfor control panels
for documents for editionsfor extensions
for keyboardsfor preferencesfor query documentsfor stationery pads
default iconsfor applications
for documents for editionsfor extensions
for keyboardsfor query documentsfor stationery padsdesktop pattern and iconsdocument icons
edition iconsextension iconsFinder icon familiesFinder icon family editorflags for keyboard icons
font iconsfuzzy appearance of icons!hand element in application iconsicons to representhumor and icons
icon families
icon masks icon suitesagainst the desktop pattern and humoranti-aliasing inblack-and-whitecolor degradation of consistent use of elements in&conventions for types of documents anddesign process forfor control panelsfor edition filesfor extensionsfor movable resourcesfor page layout documentsfor PICT filesfor preferences filesfor query documentsfor representing actionsfor text-only documentslabel text forlarge (32-by-32 pixel)limitations of masks for outlines ofselection mechanism forsizes ofsmall (16-by-16 pixel)stationery pad suites of three-dimensional effects in to represent hardware devicesuse of metaphors in versus verbal representations inmodification indicators in!pattern substitution for color incolor for in iconscolor labeling for icons for icons large (32-by-32 pixel) icons light source on Macintosh screenof icons masks, iconuse of for icons*modification indicators for keyboard iconsand icon displaymovable resource iconsnouns as iconspage layout document icons(pattern substitutions for keyboard iconsPICT file iconspreferences iconsproduct names in iconsquery document icons*QWERTY transliteration of keyboard layoutsResEdit utilityselection mechanismfor color icons for iconssizes of icons small (16-by-16 pixel) icons sound icons stack icons stationery documents, icons forsuites of iconsin icons
text in iconstext-only document icons"three-dimensional effects in icons)tilted document page in application iconsand icon designwords versus symbols!black-and-white design, and colorblue in color designand black-and-white designand progressive disclosureand small objects and standard interface elements for categorizing informationnumber of in designsColor control panelcolor palettes color tables control definition functionsColordefault color tablescolor design forgray background and color highlighting, color design for interface elements, standardand color designcolor design forcolor design forcolor design forsmall objects and colorstandard interface elementsand color designtwo-dimensional designscolor design forarraysand arrow keysdefineddiscontinuous selection innavigating with the Tab keyReturn key and selecting in Tab key and
arrow keysand modifier keysand scroll barsselecting with auto-repeat Backspace key. See Delete keybitmap-based graphics
Caps Lock keycharacter keys Clear keyclicking
and selectingCommand-clicking
components ofShift-clickinguse ofcolumn selection in arraysCommand–Left ArrowCommand–Right Arrow. See also keyboardsand arrow key combinations labels on Command-/ Command-?Command-clicking%command-line interfaces, and pointers Control keyMousecursorsDel (Forward Delete) keyDelete (Backspace) keytext dismissing with the Return keydiscontinuous selectionsdouble-clickingdragging in fieldstext'empty documents and the insertion pointEnd key Enter key
entering datawith the Enter keywith the Return keyEscape (Esc) key
and selectingand the Escape keyduring long operationsfields in arraysForward Delete (Del) keydefined selectingHelp keyHome keyhot spothot zoneinserting textinsertion point and clickingand command-line interfacesdefinedmovingintelligent cut and pasteinternational keyboards$International Standards Organizationkeysarrow Caps Lock characterClearCommandControlDelete (Backspace)EndEnter Escape (Esc)Forward Delete (Del)functionHelpHomemodifierOption Page DownPage UpReturnShiftTab on keyboards
modifier keys
mouse actionsclickingdouble-clickingdraggingpointingpressing selectingMouse control panel
mouse devicesmoving the pointer"multiple modifier-key combinationsobject-based graphicsobjects and clicking hot zone ofmoving by dragging selecting
Option key
Option-Delete Option-dragging to copy objects
Page Down key Page Up keychanging shape ofmovingpointing devicespressing the mouse buttonrange selection"repeating characters automaticallyreplacing a selection
Return keyand arrow keys by clickingby Command-clickingby double-clicking by draggingby Shift-clickingfields in an arraygraphicsin arrays and tablesrangestextwith the arrow keyswith the mouseextending with Shift key replacingsemantic modifiers Shift keyShift-clicking shortcuts . See also keyboard equivalentsdouble-clickingTab keytablesand arrow keysand the insertion pointas a type of objectdeletingediting inserting selecting$selections, extending with Shift keyeditingtriple-clicking
type-ahead&uppercase characters and the Shift keywindow boundariesword definitions word wrapaccess to help systems American Heritage Dictionary Apple Publications Style Guideballoons. See help balloons balloons for
labels for$capitalization of interface elements balloons forballoons for groups ofuse of terminology withChicago Manual of Stylecorrect terminology forcolons in dialog boxesconcurrent help systemscontext-sensitive helphelp balloons for!dialog box messages, how to write
documentationavoiding jargon inlearning paths indefined%electronic documentation help systems error messages, how to writefile types, user terms forfile, use of term
help balloons for buttonsfor checkboxes for controlsfor groups of checkboxesfor groups of radio buttons for iconsfor menu itemsfor menu titlesfor modal dialog boxesfor pop-up menusfor radio buttonsfor states of menusfor text entry boxesfor tools in palettesfor window parts how to writelength of messages in when to usehelp systems, online balloons forfor interface elementslanguage in the interfacelearning paths for usersof documentation balloons for
labels for menu titles balloons forchoosingin help balloons miniwindows and balloons when on the screen"multimedia effects in help systemsof interface elementsonline help systems balloons forprogramming termspush buttons. See buttons balloons forballoons for groups of
labels for references for usage and styledocumenting in help systemsstacks, HyperCardstyle of languagetask-oriented documentation terminology in the interface tools, balloons for in palettes tutorials,anticipating their questions in help systemsdocumentation forterminology for windoid, correct terminology forhelp balloons forwords in the interfaceWords Into Type
